رویکرد استراتژیک آمریکا و هند به منطقه ایندو-پاسیفیک

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی و استادیار مرکز پژوهش های مجلس شورای اسلامی

2 دانشگاه اصفهان

10.29252/piaj.2022.228617.1294

چکیده

ایندو-پاسیفیک پویاترین و متنوع­ترین منطقه جهان است. این منطقه به کانون اصلی سیاست و اقتصاد جهان تبدیل شده است. طی یک دهه اخیر توجه جهانی به منطقه ازنظر استراتژیک و اقتصادی افزایش یافته است. ظهور و نفوذ چین به عنوان یک قدرت بزرگ تهدیدی برای هژمونی امریکا در سطح نظام بین­الملل و هند در سطح منطقه­ای بوده است. امریکا جامع­ترین شریک استراتژیک هند است. هر دو کشور منافع استراتژیک مکملی دارند؛ امریکا خواهان حفظ هژمونی اقتصادی و نظامی در جهان است و هند به‌نوبه خود در پی گسترش روابط امنیتی با امریکا است تا در آینده شرایط تبدیل­شدن این کشور به یک قدرت منطقه­ای را تسهیل کند. سؤال اصلی مقاله این است که امریکا و هند چه رویکردی نسبت به منطقه ایندو-پاسیفیک دارند؟ فرضیه مقاله این است که هند در استراتژی­ ایندو-پاسیفیک امریکا نقش «پیشرو» یا محوری دارد، اما این به معنای اتحاد نظامی و امنیتی دو کشور نیست، هند تلاش دارد تا استقلال استراتژیک خود را در موضوعات منطقه­ای ایندو-پاسیفیک حفظ کند. دو کشور در تعریف جغرافیایی منطقه، نوع مواجهه با ظهور چین و محوریت آسه‌آن در منطقه رویکرد متفاوت دارند. این پژوهش با رویکرد تحلیلی و بهره­گیری از استراتژی­های امنیتی دو کشور تهیه شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The strategic approach of America and India to the Indo-Pacific region

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehdi Amiri 1
  • mehrshad ghafarizade 2
1 Member of the faculty and assistant professor of the Research Center of the Islamic Council
2 University of Esfahan
چکیده [English]

Indo-Pacific is the most dynamic and diverse region in the world. The region has become the major hub of world politics and economy. During the last decade, global attention to the region has increased strategically and economically. The rise of China as a great power and its incising influence has been a challenge for the hegemony of the United States at the level of the international system and India at the regional level. The United States is India's most comprehensive strategic partner. Both countries have complementary strategic interests; America wants to maintain its economic and military hegemony in the world, and India, in turn, seeks to expand security relations with the United States in order to facilitate the country's transformation into a regional power in the future. The main question of the article is, what is the United States and India’s approach towards the Indo-Pacific region? The hypothesis of the article is that India has a "leading" or major role in the United States’ Indo-Pacific strategy, but this does not mean a military and security alliance between the two countries, because India is trying to maintain its strategic autonomy in regional issues. The two countries have different approaches in the geographical definition of the region, the type of confrontation with the rise of China and the centrality of ASEAN in the region. This research has been prepared with an analytical approach and using the security strategies of the two countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • America
  • India
  • China
  • Indo-Pacific
  • Divergence

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