هویت دایاسپورایی و ارتباط با وطن: مطالعه موردی عراقیهای مقیم آمریکا

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری ریاست جمهوری

10.29252/piaj.2022.213848.0

چکیده

از اواخر قرن 19 میلادی مهاجران عراقی جامعه­ای را در ایالات متحده شکل داده­اند که بیشتر به عنوان بخشی از دایاسپورای عرب-مسلمان در این کشور شناخته می­شود، حال آنکه اکثریت این جامعه غیرعرب و غیرمسلمان هستند. دایاسپورای عراقی در ایالات متحده با وجود تاثیرگذاری مهم در سیاست خارجی دوران معاصر، از منظر وضعیت قومی-مذهبی و نوع تاثیراتی که داشته تا امروز ناشناخته باقی مانده و کمتر مورد توجه قرار گرفته است. پرسش اصلی مقاله حاضر اینست که تنوع قومی-مذهبی عراقی­ها چگونه بر هویت دایاسپورایی آنها در کشور میزبان تاثیرگذار بوده است؟ ما در پاسخ به این پرسش، با اتخاذ رویکرد کیفی و همچنین با استفاده از روش روایت­های تحلیلی نشان داده­ایم که تنوع قومی-مذهبی عراقی­ها چگونه باعث شکل­دهی به برداشت­های متفاوت آنها از وطن و تنظیم روابط مهاجران با آنجا تحت تاثیر فضای کشور میزبان شده­ است. مهمترین یافته مقاله را می­توان واگرا بودن هویت اجزاء تشکیل دهنده­ی دایاسپورای عراقی در امریکا دانست که باعث شده آینده این جامعه مهاجرتی با چالش­های جدی مواجه گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Redefining Diaspora Identity in Relation to Homeland: a Case Study of Iraqis in the US

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Etaat 1
  • Mahdi Bahmani 2
1 Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Shahid Beheshti University
2 Technology Studies Institute
چکیده [English]

Since the late 19th century, Iraqi immigrants have formed a community in the US that is widely known as a part of the Arab-Muslim diaspora in the country, yet the majority of this community is non-Arab and non-Muslim. The Iraqi diaspora in the US remains understudied and misunderstood in terms of its ethno-religious diversity as well as the type of influence that it has on its host country’s politics towards the homeland. The key question of this paper is that what is the influence of Iraqis’ ethno-religious diversity on their diaspora identity in the US? To answer the question, we consider the diversity as a vital feature of the Iraqi diaspora, with reference to their patterns of emigration, their settlement and the shaping of their diasporic identity in the host country. We comment on how the divergent dynamics of ethno-religious diversity impinges on different views of the “homeland” and on the future of the diaspora community in the US.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Iraqi diaspora
  • non
  • governmental actors of international relations
  • US
  • based diasporas
  • globalization
  • US foreign policy
  •  

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