A theoretical introduction to the concept, nature and function of populism

In the last few decades, we have witnessed the emergence of various forms of populism, as well as different readings, narratives and analyzes of this phenomenon all over the world. Today, populism has expanded in terms of concept and geographical scope, such as electoral populism, neoliberal, oil, religious, political, ideological, left and right, authoritarian, economic, media, criminal (penal) populism j) Ethnic, ethical, cooperative , European, Islamic, etc. can be said.The following article is mainly an attempt in the theoretical field (by looking at concrete examples of populism) to answer these two questions: first, what are the characteristics and nature of populism and how does it work? And secondly, what are the reasons for the victory of populist parties and leaders around the world and the public acceptance of them in the past two decades? The findings of the research show that the formation of this phenomenon, along with other factors, is mainly caused by the crisis of democracy, especially the weakening of the representation policy, the crisis of intermediary structures and the non-responsiveness of the ruling oligarchy elites; A situation where the mediaization of politics and the emergence of populist leaders have made the process of gaining power more than smooth. The qualitative research method is of the causal explanation type and the data collection method is a library and also the use of internet resources.