نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار مرکز پژوهشهای مجلس شورای اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Introduction: China has drawn itself as a new-developed country in the world, and now it is seeking to use this image to strengthen Chinese soft power, especially in developing regions. The China as a new-developed country is well aware of its economic advantage in the world and developing regions. Despite having a great historical and cultural history, this country has placed its software foreign policy on economic power. Beijing's software policy towards developing countries is aimed at attracting to the Chinese developmental model according to the Beijing Consensus. The "Belt and Road Initiative" megaproject is based on geo-economic imperatives and always seeks to ensure that the development and rise of China is peaceful and will benefit others as well. Achieving this assurance is based on economic interests for the developing regions in order to attracting them, rather than relying on cultural tools and resources. According to conventional western model of soft power, China is facing the challenges for globalizing its culture. The use of relative advantage economically is in Beijing's foreign policy agenda.
Methods: The aim of the article is to analyze the position of the economy in China's soft foreign policy in developing regions, which requires understanding the theoretical conceptual-analytical framework of soft power and its results from China's point of view. The research method is descriptive-analytical and is explained based on the link between economy and soft power as the focus of China's soft foreign policy. Therefore, the article seeks to answer the question, what is the place of the economy in China's software foreign policy towards the developing regions? The hypothesis is that China's software policy in developing regions is mainly aimed at creating "spheres of influence" for economic and political goals through (indirect) economic and then cultural soft power.
Results and Discussion: China wants to present a softer self-image on basis of Chinese culture, and they promote it by the economic tools. 2017 is considered an important turning point in this era. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China introduced President Xi Jinping's thoughts called "Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in the New Era" in the party's constitution and started to place political goals alongside economic goals in Beijing's foreign policy. Studying the resolutions issued by the Congress shows that the China still emphasizes the use of economic tools to advance foreign policy goals.
Conclusions: The findings of the research indicate that China is one of the main trade and investment partners, one of the biggest donors in regions such as Africa, Asia and Latin America; it has become a "development model" for developing world, and it is one of the most important grantors of educational scholarships in these regions. Resultly, China's soft power, according to "economy-oriented software" policy, mainly has an economic character. While China is widely seen as an economic partner around the developing world, this does not mean the spread of Chinese values, culture and ideas. China's attractiveness in these areas is basically economic, not necessarily cultural according to the western concept of soft power. In this sense, China's soft power has distinctive features that give it a Chinese character and distinguish it from other models common in Western countries.
The result indicates that the attraction of China in e regions is less historical-cultural, rather industrial, scientific and technological power. As long as the economic power of China is progressive, the its soft power will also be strengthened. However, the evidence shows that despite China's prioritization of Southeast Asia and Central Asia in its software foreign policy, it has achieved the most interests (political and economic) in Africa and Latin America.
کلیدواژهها [English]
)