تحلیل انتقادی قرار دادن نام سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی در لیست سازمان های تروریستی خارجی (FTO) توسط دولت ترامپ با بهره گیری از مطالعات انتقادی تروریسم (CTS) و روش نقد درون بود

نوع مقاله : علمی - پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه روابط بین الملل دانشگاه خوارزمی تهران

2 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه یاسوج

10.29252/piaj.2022.226648.1234

چکیده

دولت ترامپ در 8 آوریل 2019(19 فروردین 1398) با انتشار یک فکت­شیت[یا گزاره­برگ]، سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی (IRGC) را در لیست سازمان­های تروریستی خارجی(FTO) قرار داد. اگرچه می­توان این اقدام دولت ترامپ را با چارچوب­های نظری متفاوت مورد بررسی قرار داد، لکن در این پژوهش مطالعات انتقادی تروریسم (CTS) به­منظور تحلیل انتقادی این اقدام انتخاب گردیده است. مطالعات انتقادی تروریسم یک جهت­گیری یا چشم­انداز انتقادی است که تلاش می­کند تا از حیث هستی­شناختی، معرفت­شناختی و روش­شناختی فاصله خود با تعصبات رایج و غالب در جریان اصلی مطالعات تروریسم (TS) را حفظ نماید. متدولوژی این پژوهش براساس روش «نقد درون­بود» (روش کیفی) در کنار استفاده از آمارهای معتبر (به­عنوان روش کمی) تنظیم گردیده است. از این­رو، این پژوهش در پی پاسخ به این سوال اصلی که «با بهره­گیری از مطالعات انتقادی تروریسم، اقدام دولت ترامپ در قرار دادن نام سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی در لیست سازمان­های تروریستی خارجی چگونه ارزیابی می­گردد؟»، این فرضیه را ارائه می­دهد که «با بهره­گیری از مطالعات انتقادی تروریسم به­عنوان چارچوب نظری و استفاده از روش «نقد درون­بود» در کنار آمارهای معتبر اندیشکده­های غربی، نقطهضعفها و تناقض­های قرار دادن نام سپاه پاسداران در لیست سازمان­های تروریستی خارجی استخراج شده و به­واسطه تجزیه و تحلیل تعریف ارائه شده از مفهوم «تروریسم» که در بخش «2656f(d)(2))» از عنوان 22 مجموعه قوانین ایالات متحده ذکر شده، نشان داده می­شود که حتی حسب این تعریف نیز سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی یک سازمان تروریستی نیست و به چهار دلیل که از مطالعات انتقادی تروریسم وام گرفته شده­اند، این اقدام صرفاً یک برچسب­زنی سیاسی می­باشد».

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Critical analysis of the Trump administration's Action to designating the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) using critical terrorism studies (CTS) and Immanent Critique methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Nima Rezaei 1
  • Mojtabaa Shariati 2
1 Assistant Professor, International Relations Department, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Political Science Department, Faculty of Humanities, Yasuj University, Yasuj, Iran
چکیده [English]

On April 8, 2019, the Trump administration put the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps(IRGC) on the list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations(FTO) by publishing a fact sheet. Although this action of the Trump administration can be analyzed with different theoretical frameworks, in this research critical terrorism studies(CTS) has been chosen for the purpose of critical analysis of this action. CTS is a critical orientation or perspective that tries to maintain its ontological, epistemological and methodological distance from the common and prevailing prejudices in the mainstream of terrorism studies(TS). The methodology of this research is based on the method of "Immanent Critique"(as a qualitative method) along with the use of valid statistics(as a quantitative method). Therefore, this study seeks to answer the main question that "Using critical terrorism studies(CTS), how is the action of the Trump administration in placing the name of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps in the list of foreign terrorist organizations(FTO) evaluated?" , presents the hypothesis that "by using the CTS as a theoretical framework and using the method of "Immanent Critique" along with the reliable statistics of western Think Tanks, will extract shortcomings and contradictions of placing the designating the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps(IRGC) as a Foreign Terrorist Organization(FTO) by examining the definition provided by The concept of "terrorism" mentioned in Section 2656f (d) (2) of Title 22 of the United States Code and it has been shown It is given that even according to this definition, the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps is not a terrorist organization and for four reasons borrowed from critical terrorism studies(CTS), this action is merely a political labeling.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Terrorism
  • Critical Terrorism Studies (CTS)
  • Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps(IRGC)
  • List of Foreign Terrorist Organizations(FTO)
  • Trump Administration

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